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Donald Morison Murray (1924December 30, 2006) was a Pulitzer prize-winning journalist and long-time teacher (eventually Professor Emeritus of English at the University of New Hampshire). He wrote for many journals, authored several books on the art of writing and teaching, and served as writing coach for several national newspapers. After writing multiple editorials about changes in American military policy for the ''Boston Herald'', he won the 1954 Pulitzer Prize for Editorial Writing. For twenty years, he wrote the ''Boston Globe's'' "Over 60" column, eventually renamed "Now And Then".〔 He taught at the University of New Hampshire for twenty-six years. == Personal life == Murray lived in Durham, New Hampshire with his wife, Minnie Mae. They were married for 54 years. Murray and his wife had three children, Anne, Hannah, and Lee. Daughter Lee preceded Murray in death at 20 years of age and Murray later wrote about the experience in ''The Lively Shadow: Living with the Death of a Child''. Murray encouraged other writers to establish a routine or habit of practicing writing. Through this encouragement, Murray often wrote of his own writing habits which involved waking up at 5:30 in the morning to write every day. He is known for using the phrase "nulla dies sine linea" or "never a day without a line" to motivate his daily writing ritual.〔 He also said of his writing habits, "I am promiscuous--as a writer. I take on too many projects and try to split my writing mornings into two or three tasks…It doesn't work. Each night I write down tomorrow's single writing task on a card, assigning the writing to my subconscious, where most of the writing gets done".〔 Most surprising about Murray, the Pulitzer Prize Winner, was the fact that he himself dropped out of high school twice. He embraced this idea when educational psychologists contended that many gifted youth process information in the concrete random learning style identified by Anthony Gregorc. In his books and articles, Murray often mentions his struggles with adhering to conventional classroom behaviors. In her article, "Anatomy of a High School Dropout: Pulitzer Prize Winner Donald Murray," (The World & I, July 1998, pg. 307-319), Jeanne Jacoby Smith examines Murray's struggles based on personal interviews with him at Conferences on College Composition and Communication and in his home in New Hampshire. Murray made numerous revisions of Smith's dissertation before she defended it to reflect his new pedagogical style. A genius by birth, Murray was a concrete-random learner, assimilating material in greater depth than other students at his grade level. However, because American classrooms tend to focus on the 'average student' rather than gifted underachievers, Murray lost interest in school and diverted his attention to subjects that intrigued him. Later, when he wrote about his own writing process, he claimed he listened for his 'voice' creating, unraveling, revising, envisioning, and re-envisioning as the writing came together." Elsie "Talu" Robinson of Antioch/New England Graduate School claimed that many gifted young people like Murray process information in the concrete random learning style identified by Anthony Gregorc. These students are naturally bright. They march to the tune of a different drummer in what they'll learn and how. They plunge into activities of their own choosing and work obsessively until satisfied. They don't stop reading or working when the time is gone. They defend their views adamantly and detest time constraints. They, also, need space to read, experiment and discover on their own." In Smith's personal interviews, Murray claimed this style. Robertson continues: <"Gifted dropouts appear on a self-actualizing quest; the wander-lust is a means to an end.... When school does not offer them these options, their ultimate weapon may be the act of dropping out." Murray died in December 2006 from heart failure at the age of 82. He donated over 100 of his writing journals — or, as he called them, "daybooks" — to the Poynter Institute, a non-profit school for journalism with which he had long been associated. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Donald Murray (writer)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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